lithosphere

Even the planet's outer skin, or lithosphere, has been transformed..甚至于地球的表层——岩石圈——也已经被改变了。

Since the size of the Earth is essentially constant, new lithosphere can be created at the mid-ocean ridges only if an equal amount of lithospheric material is consumed elsewhere..因为地球的大小本质上是不变的，只有同等数量的岩石圈物质在其它地方被吞没，新的岩石圈才能生成。

To physical science that has denatured reality the world is a material place of molecules and atoms, of solids, liquids and gases, of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. .对于具有变性的物理学来说世界是由分子、原子，固体、液体、气体，大气圈、水圈、岩石圈和生物圈组成的物质世界；